What is the working principle of one way bearings?
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Apr 13,2020
1. One way bearings wedge design
This wedge type one way bearings are generally composed of inner ring, outer ring, wedge group, wedge cage, strong spring and one way bearings. The wedge block transfers force from one raceway to another by wedging between the inner and outer rings. The wedge has two diagonal diameters (that is, the distance from one corner of the wedge to the other diagonal), one of which is larger than the other. The wedge action occurs when the inner and outer rings rotate relatively, forcing the wedge to have a greater vertical position on a larger cross-section.
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2. The self-locking angle wedge function mainly depends on the wedge and self-locking angle of the wedge between the inner and outer rings.
The basic concept of wedge one way bearings requires that the friction coefficient of the wedge is related to the sudden torque generated by the inner ring in the driving direction. This friction value must be greater than the tangent of the self-locking angle. If the conditions are not safe, wedging will not occur.
The self-locking angle is determined by the structure of the wedge, and the points on the inner and outer rings are connected with the wedge respectively.
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The design of the wedge has a very low initial self-locking angle to ensure absolute coupling at the beginning. As the torque increases, a radial force will be generated on the wedge but deflect the wedge raceway, causing the wedge to roll to a new position. The wedge is often designed to have a self-locking angle that can gradually increase, as it does from the overrun position to the position of maximum load. A relatively large self-locking angle can reduce the radial force produced by the wedge, so as long as the elongation and Brinell hardness limit are allowed to allow larger torque to be transmitted.
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3. One way bearings slope and roller design
Slope and roller type one way bearings are basically composed of a cylindrical inner diameter outer ring, an inner ring with a slope, and a set of rollers that bear spring force and are always in close contact with the inner and outer rings. As long as the rotation of one of the raceways in its direction of motion has an effect on the other, this arrangement essentially guarantees the instantaneousness of exceeding speed and the ability to drive immediately.
The use of this type of one way bearings can be suitable for the use of transcendence, indexing and check in various environments.
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When used as a one-way bearing, the ramp roller type one-way clutch will be installed in this way, using the outer ring as the overrunning member. This is very important for high-speed surpassing. In the application of the inner ring overrun, the centrifugal force acting on the roller will cause the overrun speed to be limited.
When used as a one-way anti-reverse one-way bearing, only the inner roller rotating ramp roller type one-way clutch is suitable for relatively low speeds. If the required speed is higher than the recommended speed, it is recommended to use wedge type one way bearings.
When used as a one-way indexing bearing, the outer ring is often viewed as a swinging element, and the inner ring is often viewed as a secondary element. Otherwise, the inertia of the rollers and springs will cause errors, especially at high frequency indexing. The use of diluted lubricating oil and powerful springs provides the accuracy and high quality of high-speed indexing.
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